Preheat oven to 375˚ F (190˚C) and lightly grease a 9x13 inch (23x33 centimeter) dish with butter.
Fill a large pot with salted water and bring to a boil.
Add the pasta and cook until it begins to soften, but not yet tender, about 5 minutes. Drain and set aside.
While the pasta is cooking, melt the 1/2 cup (113 grams) butter in another pot over medium heat.
Once melted, add the garlic and cook until just fragrant, 30 seconds to 1 minute.
Stir in the flour and cook until lightly golden, about 1-2 minutes.
Slowly whisk in the chicken broth and milk, stirring often until the mixture is thickened.
Remove the pot from heat and slowly whisk in the Cheddar, Gruyere, and Parmesan cheeses until melted and smooth.
Season the sauce with the salt, paprika, and pepper to taste.
Add the cooked pasta and gently toss to coat thoroughly.
Pour the cheese coated pasta into the prepared baking dish. Top with panko mixture and bake in the preheated oven until the panko is golden brown and the cheese is bubbly, 30-45 minutes.
Allow the Baked Macaroni and Cheese to rest at room temperature for at least 10 minutes before serving.